Author: Peter M.K.H JAMAL
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ESS HL.a.1 Introduction to The Environmental Law
Learning objectives Part 1: The Need for Law Environmental law governs the relationship between human activities and the natural environment. It is designed to address a wide range of issues, including: Its primary purpose is to prevent and reduce the harmful effects of human actions on the environment. This is achieved by establishing rules and regulations…
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ESS 1.1.2 Development of Environmental Movement
This section focuses on: Try this “What’s Your Worldview” simple survey The Emergence and Evolution of the Environmental Movement Although the modern environmental movement is generally regarded as having originated in the 1960s, human awareness of the consequences of environmental degradation dates back much further. The Romans documented issues such as air and water pollution,…
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ESS 5.2.2 Agricultural Systems
Learning Objectives Class Activity: Part 1: Agricultural Systems The suitability of land for agricultural production is determined by various physical and environmental factors, including land aspect, altitude, latitude, and slope. The presence of large rocks near the surface may hinder cultivation, while soils with low nutrient levels, contamination, high irrigation demands, or susceptibility to flooding…
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![ESS 5.2.4 [AHL] Soil degradation and solutions](https://mypytrclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/amazon-deforestation.png?w=1024)
ESS 5.2.4 [AHL] Soil degradation and solutions
Learning Objectives What is soil degradation? Soil is a fundamental natural resource, often described as “black gold,” due to its critical role in sustaining ecosystems, agricultural productivity, and human societies. However, soil degradation—defined as the decline in soil’s natural productivity due to human activities—has emerged as one of the most pressing global environmental and social…
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ESS 5.2.1 Food Security
Learning Objectives Part 1: Facts about food and agriculture Part 2: Factors influencing sustainability of agriculture Activity: Discuss with peers, which one is more sustainable? – Commercial farming or subsistence agriculture Part 3: Food Security The four dimensions of food security according to Word Bank Group includes: For a more detailed analysis, reference can be…
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![ESS 5.1.3 [Skills] Soil Texture Investigation](https://mypytrclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/image-6.png?w=1024)
ESS 5.1.3 [Skills] Soil Texture Investigation
Learning Objectives Part 1: The Research Question How does soil texture get affected in soil along a transect line from a river bank towards uphill? Part 2: Experimental Safety Precautions Procedure Sampling using transect Soil Sedimentation Test Part 3: Analysis and Conclusion Use your data in this section. The following data is provided in case…
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Chemistry S2.1.2 IUPAC of Ionic Compounds
Learning Objectives Part 1: Ionic Formula and IUPAC Binary ionic compounds (those made of only two elements) are named by writing the metal first, followed by the non-metal ion whose name is modified to end in -ide. For example, S²⁻ is called sulfide. However, when the negative ion contains oxygen, its name usually ends in…
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Chemistry S2.1.1 The Nature of Ionic Bonds
Learning Objectives Part 1: The Nature of Ionic Bond Explanation of the formation of ionic bond How to calculate effective nuclear charge For example: Lithium has 1 valence electron and 2 inner electron. The nuclear charge is +3. Therefore the effective nuclear charge experienced by the valence electron is +3 – 2 = +1 Part…
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ESS 5.1.1 Soil Profile and Texture
Learning Objectives AHL Part 1: What is Soil? Soil constitutes a dynamic and complex system within terrestrial ecosystems, functioning simultaneously as a storage medium, a regulator of biogeochemical cycles, and a foundation for ecological productivity. As a system, soil interacts with its surrounding environment through a range of inputs, outputs, storages, and transfers. Inputs include…
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![ESS 5.1.2 [AHL] Soil Formation and Sustainability](https://mypytrclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/clay-silt-and-sand.png?w=1024)
ESS 5.1.2 [AHL] Soil Formation and Sustainability
Learning Objectives Part 1: Factors of Soil Formation Soil formation is a complex and lengthy process that can take anywhere from decades to thousands of years, depending on various interacting factors. Among these, climate plays a dominant role, as both precipitation and temperature influence the rates of chemical reactions involved in soil development. Climate also…
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ESS 2.1.7 Tipping Point Vs Keystone Species
Learning objectives Part 1: The Concept of Tipping Point Tipping Points and Ecosystem Stability Measuring Changes in Ecosystems Due to Human Activity Human impacts on ecosystems include: Factors influencing ecosystem change: Example study locations: Methods for studying human impact: Part 2: The Keystone Species and Trophic Cascade Keystone Species Trophic Cascade Part 3: Case Studies…
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ESS IA Report Writing Tips
ESS IA Rubric Report Format In general, a science report should have these headings: Download this word template: Simplified Steps in Writing IA Step 1: How to formulate a clear and focus RQ? “How do/does [changing] IV of [sample] affect DV at CVs ” Example: RQ: “How does increasing the temperature (10, 20, 30, 40…
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ESS Podcasts
Foundation Distinguishing the core believe system (EVSs) Factors that lead to different EVS in contrasting cultures Feedback Loops Ecological footprint as a measure of sustainability Ecology How topping point would lead to a new equilibrium using a named example How Climate Change Shifts Biomes? Biodiversity and Conservation How tectonic plate activity may lead to the…
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ESS 3.3.1 Conservation Strategies
Learning Objectives Part 1: Arguments for Preservation of the Biodiversity Conservation strategies include the following approaches: Inter-governmental organisation and non-governmental organisations are working together so some extent in the conservation approaches. For instance, CBD addresses the critical need to protect ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity in response to rising threats such as habitat loss, climate change, and…
![ESS 3.3.3 [Case Study] IUCN Status of Bornean Orangutans](https://mypytrclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/image-20.png?w=1024)
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